---
title: The fourth day came; it was half gone when the Minstrel uttered a sh… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: The fourth day came; it was half gone when the Minstrel uttered a shout so joyful that the woodlands rang with the sound, and the wild geese in the marshes answered it gleefully. Who acts: fourth day, reindeer, Minstrel, woodlands. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James B
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Tree of Magic, sentence 23

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The fourth day came; it was half gone when the Minstrel uttered a shout so joyful that the woodlands rang with the sound, and the wild geese in the marshes answered it gleefully.

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**Who acts:** fourth day, reindeer, Minstrel, woodlands, wild geese · **What happens:** come, be, utter, ring, answer · **To what, where:** shout, reindeer

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Tree of Magic. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fourth day, reindeer, Minstrel, woodlands), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:6:23
# text = The fourth day came; it was half gone when the Minstrel uttered a shout so joyful that the woodlands rang with the sound, and the wild geese in the marshes answered it gleefully.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	fourth	fourth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	3	amod	_	_
3	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	half	half	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	9	advmod	_	_
9	gone	go	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	parataxis	_	_
10	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	13	advmod	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	Minstrel	Minstrel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	uttered	utter	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	shout	shout	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	so	so	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	joyful	joyful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	xcomp	_	_
18	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	woodlands	woodland	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nsubj	_	_
21	rang	ring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	advcl	_	_
22	with	with	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	geese	goose	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	nsubj	_	_
30	in	in	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	marshes	marsh	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	nmod	_	_
33	answered	answer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
34	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	33	obj	_	_
35	gleefully	gleefully	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the fourth day |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | reindeer |  |  |  |  | go, half *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **utter** *speech: other* | past | the Minstrel | a shout |  |  |  | joyful *property* | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent shout=Topic |
| 4 | **ring** | past | the woodlands |  |  |  |  | with the sound | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with sound=Theme |
| 5 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | the wild geese in the marshes | reindeer |  |  |  | gleefully *property* | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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