---
title: Straight ahead, only three leagues farther, the little village of Wa… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: Straight ahead, only three leagues farther, the little village of Wainola was nestling warmly in a wooded glen close by the sea; in that village was the snug cottage which the Minstrel called his home; and in that cottage was the fireside around which his friends were sitting and bewailing his absen
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Tree of Magic, sentence 27

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Straight ahead, only three leagues farther, the little village of Wainola was nestling warmly in a wooded glen close by the sea; in that village was the snug cottage which the Minstrel called his home; and in that cottage was the fireside around which his friends were sitting and bewailing his absence.

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**Who acts:** little village, village, Minstrel, friends · **What happens:** nestle, wood, be, call, sit, bewail · **To what, where:** wooded glen, snug cottage, fireside, cottage, absence · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Tree of Magic. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (little village, village, Minstrel, friends), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:6:27
# text = Straight ahead, only three leagues farther, the little village of Wainola was nestling warmly in a wooded glen close by the sea; in that village was the snug cottage which the Minstrel called his home; and in that cottage was the fireside around which his friends were sitting and bewailing his absence.
1	Straight	straight	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	ahead	ahead	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	leagues	league	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl:unmarked	_	_
7	farther	far	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	15	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Wainola	Wainola	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
14	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	nestling	nestle	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
16	warmly	warmly	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	wooded	wood	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	amod	_	_
20	glen	glen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
21	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
22	by	by	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
26	in	in	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
27	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	28	det	_	_
28	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nsubj	_	_
29	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	cop	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
31	snug	snug	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	cottage	cottage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
33	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	36	obj	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	Minstrel	Minstrel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	36	nsubj	_	_
36	called	call	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	acl:relcl	_	_
37	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	38	nmod:poss	_	_
38	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	46	punct	_	_
40	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	46	cc	_	_
41	in	in	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
42	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	43	det	_	_
43	cottage	cottage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	obl	_	_
44	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	46	cop	_	_
45	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	46	det	_	_
46	fireside	fireside	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
47	around	around	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
48	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	52	obl	_	_
49	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	50	nmod:poss	_	_
50	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	52	nsubj	_	_
51	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	52	aux	_	_
52	sitting	sit	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	46	acl	_	_
53	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	54	cc	_	_
54	bewailing	bewail	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	52	conj	_	_
55	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	56	nmod:poss	_	_
56	absence	absence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	54	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
57	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **nestle** | past · progressive | the little village of Wainola |  |  | a wooded glen |  | ahead, far, warmly *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in glen=Location |
| 2 | **wood** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | past | that village |  |  | the snug cottage |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **call** | past | the Minstrel | the snug cottage |  |  |  | Minstrel's home *obj* | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent which=Theme home=Result |
| 5 | **is a** | past |  | the fireside |  | that cottage |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **sit** | past · progressive | Minstrel's friends |  |  | the fireside |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent around which=Location |
| 7 | **bewail** | gerund | Minstrel's friends *not said here* | Minstrel's absence |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer absence=Stimulus |
| 8 | **absent** |  | Minstrel |  |  |  |  |  | nom absence «state transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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