---
title: The Graybeard helped the Minstrel into the sledge; he wrapped the ro… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: The Graybeard helped the Minstrel into the sledge; he wrapped the robes of fur around him and threw over his shoulders a bearskin cloak that was both ample and warm. Who acts: Graybeard, bearskin cloak. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Tree of Magic, wi
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/6/9/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old No…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/) / [The Tree of Magic](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/6/) / 9

# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Tree of Magic, sentence 9

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Graybeard helped the Minstrel into the sledge; he wrapped the robes of fur around him and threw over his shoulders a bearskin cloak that was both ample and warm.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Graybeard, bearskin cloak · **What happens:** help, wrap, throw, be · **To what, where:** Minstrel, sledge, robes, shoulders

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Tree of Magic. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Graybeard, bearskin cloak), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:6:9
# text = The Graybeard helped the Minstrel into the sledge; he wrapped the robes of fur around him and threw over his shoulders a bearskin cloak that was both ample and warm.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Graybeard	Graybeard	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	helped	help	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Minstrel	Minstrel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	sledge	sledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	wrapped	wrap	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	robes	robe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	fur	fur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	around	around	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obl	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	threw	throw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
20	over	over	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	shoulders	shoulder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obl	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	bearskin	bearskin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	_
25	cloak	cloak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	appos	_	_
26	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	29	nsubj	_	_
27	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	cop	_	_
28	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	29	advmod	_	_
29	ample	ample	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	acl:relcl	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | past | the Graybeard |  | the Minstrel | the sledge |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent minstrel=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **wrap** | past | Graybeard | the robes of fur |  |  |  | around Minstrel | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent robe=Theme around he=Destination |
| 3 | **throw** | past | Graybeard *not said here* |  |  | Minstrel's shoulders |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent over shoulder=Destination |
| 4 | **is** | past | a bearskin cloak |  |  |  |  | ample *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **be** |  | a bearskin cloak *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/6/8/)
- next →: [sentence 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/6/10/)
- ↑ back to [The Tree of Magic](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/6/)