---
title: “Wonderful! wonderful!” cried the astonished Smith as he gazed upwar… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: “Wonderful! wonderful!” cried the astonished Smith as he gazed upward at the flower-crowned tree of magic. Who acts: astonished Smith, Smith. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Smithy, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Smithy, sentence 114

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“Wonderful! wonderful!” cried the astonished Smith as he gazed upward at the flower-crowned tree of magic.

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**Who acts:** astonished Smith, Smith · **What happens:** cry, gaze, crown

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Smithy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (astonished Smith, Smith), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:7:114
# text = “Wonderful! wonderful!” cried the astonished Smith as he gazed upward at the flower-crowned tree of magic.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Wonderful	wonderful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
4	wonderful	wonderful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
7	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	astonished	astonished	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	Smith	Smith	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
11	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
12	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	gazed	gaze	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
14	upward	upward	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
15	at	at	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
17	flower	flower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	crowned	crown	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	amod	_	_
20	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	magic	magic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cry** *speech: express* | past | the astonished Smith |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **gaze** | past | Smith |  |  |  |  | at the crowned tree of magic; upward *property* | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at tree=Theme |
| 3 | **crown** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | flower *compound* | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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