---
title: The Minstrel from his sledge could see the smithy from which the mus… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: The Minstrel from his sledge could see the smithy from which the music came—a long, low building of logs in the very centre of the grove. Who acts: Minstrel, music. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Smithy, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of 
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Smithy, sentence 18

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The Minstrel from his sledge could see the smithy from which the music came—a long, low building of logs in the very centre of the grove.

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**Who acts:** Minstrel, music · **What happens:** see, come · **To what, where:** smithy

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Smithy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Minstrel, music), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:7:18
# text = The Minstrel from his sledge could see the smithy from which the music came—a long, low building of logs in the very centre of the grove.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Minstrel	Minstrel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	sledge	sledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	smithy	smithy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	obl	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	music	music	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
17	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
19	low	low	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	building	building	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	logs	log	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nmod	_	_
23	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	very	very	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
26	centre	centre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	grove	grove	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | could | the Minstrel from Minstrel's sledge | the smithy |  |  |  | a long low building of logs in the centre of the grove *obl* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer smithy=Stimulus |
| 2 | **come** | past | the music |  |  | the smithy |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from which=Initial\_Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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