---
title: It was dark and dingy and begrimed with smoke, but through the open… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: It was dark and dingy and begrimed with smoke, but through the open door the fire of the forge glowed brightly, lighting up the whole interior and revealing even the smallest object; and there, before his anvil, stood the Smith, swinging his hammer and twirling his tongs and thinking only of his ple
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Smithy, sentence 19

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It was dark and dingy and begrimed with smoke, but through the open door the fire of the forge glowed brightly, lighting up the whole interior and revealing even the smallest object; and there, before his anvil, stood the Smith, swinging his hammer and twirling his tongs and thinking only of his pleasant work.

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**Who acts:** music, fire, anvil · **What happens:** be, begrime, glow, light up, reveal, stand · **To what, where:** open door, whole interior, smallest object, Smith, hammer, tongs

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Smithy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (music, fire, anvil), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:7:19
# text = It was dark and dingy and begrimed with smoke, but through the open door the fire of the forge glowed brightly, lighting up the whole interior and revealing even the smallest object; and there, before his anvil, stood the Smith, swinging his hammer and twirling his tongs and thinking only of his pleasant work.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	dingy	dingy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	begrimed	begrime	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
11	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
12	through	through	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	forge	forge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
21	glowed	glow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
22	brightly	brightly	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
24	lighting	light	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	21	advcl	_	_
25	up	up	ADP	RP	_	24	compound:prt	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	interior	interior	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	revealing	reveal	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	24	conj	_	_
31	even	even	ADV	RB	_	34	advmod	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
33	smallest	small	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	34	amod	_	_
34	object	object	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	37	punct	_	_
36	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
37	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	43	punct	_	_
39	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	43	mark	_	_
40	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	41	nmod:poss	_	_
41	anvil	anvil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
43	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
44	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
45	Smith	Smith	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	43	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	47	punct	_	_
47	swinging	swing	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	43	advcl	_	_
48	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	49	nmod:poss	_	_
49	hammer	hammer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	47	obj	_	_
50	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	51	cc	_	_
51	twirling	twirl	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	47	conj	_	_
52	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	53	nmod:poss	_	_
53	tongs	tong	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	51	obj	_	_
54	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	55	cc	_	_
55	thinking	think	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	51	conj	_	_
56	only	only	ADV	RB	_	60	advmod	_	_
57	of	of	ADP	IN	_	60	case	_	_
58	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	60	nmod:poss	_	_
59	pleasant	pleasant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	60	amod	_	_
60	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	55	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
61	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | music |  |  |  |  | dark *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | music *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **begrime** | participle | music *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with smoke | tree rules |
| 4 | **glow** | past | the fire of the forge |  |  | the open door |  | brightly *property* | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through door=Location |
| 5 | **light up** | gerund | the fire of the forge *not said here* | the whole interior |  |  |  |  | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent interior=Product |
| 6 | **reveal** | gerund | the fire of the forge *not said here* | the smallest object |  |  |  |  | vn confess-37.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent object=Topic |
| 7 | **stand** | past | fire's anvil | the Smith |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer smith=Stimulus |
| 8 | **swing** | gerund | fire's anvil *not said here* | fire's hammer |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent hammer=Theme |
| 9 | **twirl** | gerund | fire's anvil *not said here* | fire's tongs |  |  |  |  | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent tong=Material |
| 10 | **think** *speech: other* | gerund | fire's anvil *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of fire's pleasant work | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 11 | **fire** |  |  | the forge |  |  |  |  | nom fire «event transitive»: of=patient |
| 12 | **work** |  | fire |  |  |  |  |  | nom work «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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