---
title: At every turn in the road the country became more open, and little b… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: At every turn in the road the country became more open, and little by little the forest gave way to fields. Who acts: little forest. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Smithy, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Smithy, sentence 4

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At every turn in the road the country became more open, and little by little the forest gave way to fields.

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**Who acts:** little forest · **What happens:** become, give · **To what, where:** turn, way, fields

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Smithy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (little forest), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:7:4
# text = At every turn in the road the country became more open, and little by little the forest gave way to fields.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	det	_	_
3	turn	turn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	11	advmod	_	_
11	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	conj	_	_
15	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
16	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
19	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	advcl	_	_
20	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
21	to	to	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	fields	field	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | past |  |  |  | every turn in the road and the country |  | open *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **give** | past | the little forest | way | fields |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent way=Theme to field=Recipient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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