---
title: Ilmarinen saw him dancing, heard him singing, but understood him not. — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: Ilmarinen saw him dancing, heard him singing, but understood him not. Who acts: Ilmarinen, tree. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Tempest, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/8/18/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old No…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/) / [The Tempest](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/8/) / 18

# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Tempest, sentence 18

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ilmarinen saw him dancing, heard him singing, but understood him not.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Ilmarinen, tree · **What happens:** see, dance, hear, sing, not understand · **To what, where:** tree

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Tempest. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ilmarinen, tree), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:8:18
# text = Ilmarinen saw him dancing, heard him singing, but understood him not.
1	Ilmarinen	Ilmarinen	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	dancing	dance	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
7	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	singing	sing	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	understood	understand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
12	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | Ilmarinen | tree |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **dance** | gerund | tree *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **hear** | past | Ilmarinen *not said here* | tree |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus |
| 4 | **sing** *speech: express* | gerund | Ilmarinen *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **not** **understand** | past | Ilmarinen *not said here* | tree |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/8/17/)
- next →: [sentence 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/8/19/)
- ↑ back to [The Tempest](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66819/8/)