---
title: “Long ago, when the world was young, I found Iron, ruddy Iron, hidin… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: “Long ago, when the world was young, I found Iron, ruddy Iron, hiding in the bogs, skulking in the woods, basking in the sunlight of the hills. Who acts: world, various. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Recipe, with its dependency tree and the pragmatic
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Recipe, sentence 40

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“Long ago, when the world was young, I found Iron, ruddy Iron, hiding in the bogs, skulking in the woods, basking in the sunlight of the hills.

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**Who acts:** world, various · **What happens:** be, find, hide, skulk, bask · **To what, where:** Iron, bogs, woods, sunlight

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Recipe. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (world, various), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:9:40
# text = “Long ago, when the world was young, I found Iron, ruddy Iron, hiding in the bogs, skulking in the woods, basking in the sunlight of the hills.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	3	advmod	_	_
3	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
11	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	Iron	Iron	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	ruddy	ruddy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	Iron	Iron	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	hiding	hide	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	parataxis	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	bogs	bog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	skulking	skulk	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	18	conj	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	woods	wood	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
28	basking	bask	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	23	conj	_	_
29	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	hills	hill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | past | the world |  |  |  |  | young *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **find** *in a quote* | past | various | Iron and ruddy Iron |  |  |  | ago *property* | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent iron=Topic |
| 3 | **hide** *in a quote* | gerund |  |  |  | the bogs |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in bog=Location |
| 4 | **skulk** *in a quote* | gerund |  |  |  | the woods |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in wood=Trajectory |
| 5 | **bask** *in a quote* | gerund |  |  |  | the sunlight of the hills |  |  | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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