---
title: Toothless though she was, the wise old Mistress smiled—she smiled fe… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: Toothless though she was, the wise old Mistress smiled—she smiled fearfully, cunningly, as one pleased and plotting. Who acts: Sampos, wise old Mistress. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Recipe, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every claus
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Recipe, sentence 52

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Toothless though she was, the wise old Mistress smiled—she smiled fearfully, cunningly, as one pleased and plotting.

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**Who acts:** Sampos, wise old Mistress · **What happens:** be, smile, plot

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Recipe. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sampos, wise old Mistress), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:9:52
# text = Toothless though she was, the wise old Mistress smiled—she smiled fearfully, cunningly, as one pleased and plotting.
1	Toothless	toothless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	advcl	_	_
2	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
3	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	wise	wise	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	Mistress	mistress	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	smiled	smile	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	smiled	smile	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
14	fearfully	fearfully	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	cunningly	cunningly	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
19	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	20	nummod	_	_
20	pleased	pleased	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	parataxis	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	plotting	plot	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | Sampos |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **smile** | past | the wise old Mistress |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **smile** | past | Sampos |  |  |  |  | cunningly, fearfully *property* | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **plot** | gerund | Sampos *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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