---
title: So she lay there, cold as snow, and shivering like the surface of a… — The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth · tree and pragmatics
description: So she lay there, cold as snow, and shivering like the surface of a lake ruffled by the wind. Who acts: moonstone. A sentence of «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, A Sleep and a Dream., part 8, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth, A Sleep and a Dream., part 8, sentence 30

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So she lay there, cold as snow, and shivering like the surface of a lake ruffled by the wind.

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**Who acts:** moonstone · **What happens:** lie, shiver, ruffle · **To what, where:** lake

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This is a sentence of «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, A Sleep and a Dream., part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (moonstone), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg68641:10:30
# text = So she lay there, cold as snow, and shivering like the surface of a lake ruffled by the wind.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	shivering	shiver	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
12	like	like	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
18	ruffled	ruffle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	acl	_	_
19	by	by	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | past | moonstone |  |  | there |  | cold *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **shiver** | gerund | moonstone *not said here* |  |  |  |  | like the surface of a lake | vn body\_internal\_states-40.6 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **ruffle** | participle |  | a lake *not said here* |  |  |  | by the wind | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, Project Gutenberg book 68641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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