---
title: But Umra-Singh stammered and hesitated. — The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth · tree and pragmatics
description: But Umra-Singh stammered and hesitated. Who acts: Umra. A sentence of «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, A Sleep and a Dream., part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth, A Sleep and a Dream., part 2, sentence 78

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But Umra-Singh stammered and hesitated.

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**Who acts:** Umra · **What happens:** stammer, hesitate

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This is a sentence of «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, A Sleep and a Dream., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Umra), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg68641:4:78
# text = But Umra-Singh stammered and hesitated.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	Umra	Umra	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	Singh	Singh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	_
5	stammered	stammer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	hesitated	hesitate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stammer** *speech: other* | past | Umra |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **hesitate** | participle | Umra *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn linger-53.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, Project Gutenberg book 68641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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