---
title: But Umra-Singh lay in the street, more like a dead than a living man… — The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth · tree and pragmatics
description: But Umra-Singh lay in the street, more like a dead than a living man, covered with bruises and bereft of sense. Who acts: Umra. A sentence of «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, A Sleep and a Dream., part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth, A Sleep and a Dream., part 3, sentence 7

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But Umra-Singh lay in the street, more like a dead than a living man, covered with bruises and bereft of sense.

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**Who acts:** Umra · **What happens:** lie, cover · **To what, where:** street

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This is a sentence of «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, A Sleep and a Dream., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Umra), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg68641:5:7
# text = But Umra-Singh lay in the street, more like a dead than a living man, covered with bruises and bereft of sense.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	Umra	Umra	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	Singh	Singh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	_
5	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	street	street	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	13	advmod	_	_
11	like	like	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	advcl	_	_
14	than	than	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	living	living	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	conj	_	_
20	with	with	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	bruises	bruise	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obl	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	bereft	bereft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	conj	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	sense	sense	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | past | Umra |  |  | the street |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in street=Location |
| 2 | **cover** | participle | Umra *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with bruises | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with bruise=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, Project Gutenberg book 68641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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