---
title: And then he said to himself: Now there is indeed no help for me, and… — The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth · tree and pragmatics
description: And then he said to himself: Now there is indeed no help for me, and beyond a doubt, my end has come. Who acts: surface, help, end. A sentence of «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, A Sleep and a Dream., part 4, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth, A Sleep and a Dream., part 4, sentence 102

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And then he said to himself: Now there is indeed no help for me, and beyond a doubt, my end has come.

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**Who acts:** surface, help, end · **What happens:** say, be, come · **To what, where:** surface, doubt · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, A Sleep and a Dream., part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (surface, help, end), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg68641:6:103
# text = And then he said to himself: Now there is indeed no help for me, and beyond a doubt, my end has come.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
8	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	10	advmod	_	_
9	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	10	expl	_	_
10	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
11	indeed	indeed	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	13	det	_	_
13	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
14	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
18	beyond	beyond	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	doubt	doubt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
22	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	_
24	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
25	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | surface |  | surface |  | then |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to himself=Recipient |
| 2 | **be** | present | no help for me |  |  | there | now | indeed *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **come** | present · perfect | my end |  |  | a doubt |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme beyond doubt=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, Project Gutenberg book 68641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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