---
title: And Umra-Singh was so astounded, that he leaped into the air, and ut… — The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth · tree and pragmatics
description: And Umra-Singh was so astounded, that he leaped into the air, and uttered a cry: and he let his sword fall with a crash upon the crystal floor. Who acts: Umra. A sentence of «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, A Sleep and a Dream., part 5, with its dependency tree and the pragmati
---

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# The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth, A Sleep and a Dream., part 5, sentence 50

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And Umra-Singh was so astounded, that he leaped into the air, and uttered a cry: and he let his sword fall with a crash upon the crystal floor.

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**Who acts:** Umra · **What happens:** astound, leap, utter, let, sword · **To what, where:** Umra, air, cry, fall

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This is a sentence of «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, A Sleep and a Dream., part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Umra), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg68641:7:50
# text = And Umra-Singh was so astounded, that he leaped into the air, and uttered a cry: and he let his sword fall with a crash upon the crystal floor.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
2	Umra	Umra	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	Singh	Singh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	astounded	astound	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	leaped	leap	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
12	into	into	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	uttered	utter	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	cry	cry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
22	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
23	let	let	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	conj	_	_
24	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	sword	sword	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	xcomp	_	_
26	fall	fall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	_
27	with	with	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	crash	crash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
30	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
32	crystal	crystal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	floor	floor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **astound** | past · passive |  | Umra |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |
| 2 | **leap** | past | Umra |  |  | the air |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into air=Destination |
| 3 | **utter** *speech: other* | past | Umra *not said here* | a cry |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent cry=Topic |
| 4 | **let** | past | Umra |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **sword** | infinitive | Umra *not said here* | fall |  |  |  | with a crash; upon the crystal floor; moonlight *nmod:poss* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, Project Gutenberg book 68641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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