---
title: And he said to himself: Surely this is that very rogue, who came to… — The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth · tree and pragmatics
description: And he said to himself: Surely this is that very rogue, who came to me before to cheat me; and now, here he is again! Who acts: king, this. A sentence of «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, A Sleep and a Dream., part 5, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth, A Sleep and a Dream., part 5, sentence 81

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And he said to himself: Surely this is that very rogue, who came to me before to cheat me; and now, here he is again!

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**Who acts:** king, this · **What happens:** say, be, come, cheat · **To what, where:** king, me · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, A Sleep and a Dream., part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, this), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg68641:7:81
# text = And he said to himself: Surely this is that very rogue, who came to me before to cheat me; and now, here he is again!
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
7	Surely	surely	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
8	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	12	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	12	nsubj	_	_
11	very	very	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	rogue	rogue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
15	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	parataxis	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	obl	_	_
18	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	cheat	cheat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	advcl	_	_
21	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
24	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	28	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
26	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	24	conj	_	_
27	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
28	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
29	again	again	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | king |  | king |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to himself=Recipient |
| 2 | **is** | present | this |  |  |  |  | that *nsubj*; rogue, surely *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **come** | past |  |  | me |  |  | who *nsubj* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to i=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **cheat** | to-infinitive |  | me |  |  |  |  | vn cheat-10.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Source |
| 5 | **be** | present | king |  |  | here | now; again |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The descent of the sun: A cycle of birth» by Unknown, Project Gutenberg book 68641 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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