---
title: And the King laughed and said, “Why, he is sitting on the seat of Vi… — Indian tales of the great ones among men, women,… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the King laughed and said, “Why, he is sitting on the seat of Vikramaditya; that is why he is wise.” Who acts: King, that. A sentence of «Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people» by Cornelia Sorabji, Opening, part 1, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every c
---

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# Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people, Opening, part 1, sentence 71

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the King laughed and said, “Why, he is sitting on the seat of Vikramaditya; that is why he is wise.”

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**Who acts:** King, that · **What happens:** laugh, say, sit, be · **To what, where:** seat · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people» by Cornelia Sorabji, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (King, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg69647:1:71
# text = And the King laughed and said, “Why, he is sitting on the seat of Vikramaditya; that is why he is wise.”
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	laughed	laugh	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
8	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
11	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	sitting	sit	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	ccomp	_	_
14	on	on	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	seat	seat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	Vikramaditya	Vikramaditya	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
20	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	22	nsubj	_	_
21	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
22	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	parataxis	_	_
23	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
24	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
25	wise	wise	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	advcl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **laugh** | past | the King |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the King *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **sit** *in a quote* | present · progressive | KING |  |  | the seat of Vikramaditya |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on seat=Location |
| 4 | **is** *in a quote* | present | that |  |  |  |  | why *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **is** *in a quote* | present | KING |  |  |  |  | wise *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people» by Cornelia Sorabji, Project Gutenberg book 69647 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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