---
title: He caused two great lions of stone to be placed near his palace gate… — Indian tales of the great ones among men, women,… · tree and pragmatics
description: He caused two great lions of stone to be placed near his palace gates, where all could see them. Who acts: Story. A sentence of «Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people» by Cornelia Sorabji, Opening, part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people, Opening, part 2, sentence 144

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He caused two great lions of stone to be placed near his palace gates, where all could see them.

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**Who acts:** Story · **What happens:** cause, place, see · **To what, where:** two great lions, palace gates, lions

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This is a sentence of «Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people» by Cornelia Sorabji, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Story), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg69647:2:144
# text = He caused two great lions of stone to be placed near his palace gates, where all could see them.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
4	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	lions	lion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
9	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	placed	place	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	advcl	_	_
11	near	near	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
13	palace	palace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	gates	gate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	19	advmod	_	_
17	all	all	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
18	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	acl:relcl	_	_
20	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | past | Story | two great lions of stone |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition lion=Patient |
| 2 | **place** | to-infinitive · passive | Story *not said here* |  |  | Story's palace gates |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: near gate=Destination |
| 3 | **see** | could |  | lions *= lion* |  |  |  | all *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer they=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people» by Cornelia Sorabji, Project Gutenberg book 69647 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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