---
title: He rode hard, his horse bleeding from sword-thrusts, for Jismal, his… — Indian tales of the great ones among men, women,… · tree and pragmatics
description: He rode hard, his horse bleeding from sword-thrusts, for Jismal, his younger brother, was after him, while the uncle engaged Prithi Raj. Who acts: uncle. A sentence of «Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people» by Cornelia Sorabji, Opening, part 4, with its dependency tree an
---

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# Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people, Opening, part 4, sentence 34

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He rode hard, his horse bleeding from sword-thrusts, for Jismal, his younger brother, was after him, while the uncle engaged Prithi Raj.

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**Who acts:** uncle · **What happens:** ride, be, engage, bleed · **To what, where:** horse bleeding, Prithi Raj, sword thrusts

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This is a sentence of «Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people» by Cornelia Sorabji, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (uncle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg69647:4:34
# text = He rode hard, his horse bleeding from sword-thrusts, for Jismal, his younger brother, was after him, while the uncle engaged Prithi Raj.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	rode	ride	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	hard	hard	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	bleeding	bleeding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	sword	sword	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	thrusts	thrust	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	Jismal	Jismal	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
17	younger	young	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	18	amod	_	_
18	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
21	after	after	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
24	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	uncle	uncle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
27	engaged	engage	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
28	Prithi	Prithi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	compound	_	_
29	Raj	Raj	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ride** | past | uncle | uncle's horse bleeding from sword thrusts |  |  |  | for Jismal; hard *property* | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | past |  |  |  |  | after Jismal |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **engage** | past | the uncle | Prithi Raj |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent raj=Patient |
| 4 | **bleed** |  | uncle |  |  | sword thrusts |  |  | nom bleeding «state intransitive»: poss=agent from=place |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people» by Cornelia Sorabji, Project Gutenberg book 69647 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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