---
title: And, “Let the old tired leaves fall from the trees,” said Shiva the… — Indian tales of the great ones among men, women,… · tree and pragmatics
description: And, “Let the old tired leaves fall from the trees,” said Shiva the god, and turned to other business. Who acts: old tired leaves, Shiva. A sentence of «Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people» by Cornelia Sorabji, Opening, part 5, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics
---

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# Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people, Opening, part 5, sentence 22

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And, “Let the old tired leaves fall from the trees,” said Shiva the god, and turned to other business.

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**Who acts:** old tired leaves, Shiva · **What happens:** let, fall, say, turn · **To what, where:** trees, other business · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people» by Cornelia Sorabji, Opening, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old tired leaves, Shiva), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg69647:5:22
# text = And, “Let the old tired leaves fall from the trees,” said Shiva the god, and turned to other business.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	Let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	ccomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	tired	tired	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	fall	fall	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
15	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
16	Shiva	Shiva	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	god	god	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	business	business	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **fall** *in a quote* | present | the old tired leaves |  |  | the trees |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from tree=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Shiva |  |  |  |  | the god *nsubj* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **turn** | past | Shiva *not said here* |  |  | other business |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme to business=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Indian tales of the great ones among men, women, and bird-people» by Cornelia Sorabji, Project Gutenberg book 69647 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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