---
title: And so he goes on until the bundles are finished, the value of each… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: And so he goes on until the bundles are finished, the value of each article being noted in order to ascertain the total amount paid. Who acts: man. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Opening, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Opening, sentence 21

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And so he goes on until the bundles are finished, the value of each article being noted in order to ascertain the total amount paid.

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**Who acts:** man · **What happens:** go on, finish, note, ascertain, pay, value · **To what, where:** bundles, value, order, total amount, article

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:1:21
# text = And so he goes on until the bundles are finished, the value of each article being noted in order to ascertain the total amount paid.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	so	so	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	bundles	bundle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	finished	finish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	value	value	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	16	det	_	_
16	article	article	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
17	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	18	aux:pass	_	_
18	noted	note	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	order	order	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	ccomp	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	total	total	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	amount	amount	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
26	paid	pay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	25	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go on** | present | man |  |  |  |  |  | vn function-105.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **finish** | present · passive |  | the bundles |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: subject=Eventuality |
| 3 | **note** | gerund · passive |  | the value of each article |  | order |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **ascertain** | to-infinitive |  | the total amount |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent amount=Topic |
| 5 | **pay** | participle |  | the total amount *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **value** |  |  | each article |  |  |  |  | nom value «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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