---
title: The frog then pointed to some leaves growing near and told the cock… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: The frog then pointed to some leaves growing near and told the cock to gather them, and to squeeze the juice into the eyes of the people and animals, and they would all wake up. Who acts: frog, leaves, people. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xv.--what 
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xv.--what Happened At Okuni When Anyone Was Killed By Accident., sentence 112

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The frog then pointed to some leaves growing near and told the cock to gather them, and to squeeze the juice into the eyes of the people and animals, and they would all wake up.

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**Who acts:** frog, leaves, people · **What happens:** point, grow, tell, gather, squeeze, wake up · **To what, where:** leaves, cock, people, juice, eyes · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xv.--what Happened At Okuni When Anyone Was Killed By Accident.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (frog, leaves, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:12:113
# text = The frog then pointed to some leaves growing near and told the cock to gather them, and to squeeze the juice into the eyes of the people and animals, and they would all wake up.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	frog	frog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
4	pointed	point	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	7	det	_	_
7	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
8	growing	grow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	acl	_	_
9	near	near	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	cock	cock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	iobj	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	gather	gather	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	xcomp	_	_
16	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	squeeze	squeeze	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	conj	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	juice	juice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
23	into	into	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	nmod	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
33	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	36	nsubj	_	_
34	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	36	aux	_	_
35	all	all	ADV	RB	_	36	advmod	_	_
36	wake	wake	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
37	up	up	ADP	RP	_	36	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **point** | past | the frog |  | some leaves |  | then |  | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to leaf=Recipient |
| 2 | **grow** | gerund | some leaves *not said here* |  |  |  |  | near *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | the frog *not said here* |  | the cock |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent cock=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 4 | **gather** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the frog *not said here* | people |  |  |  |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 5 | **squeeze** | to-infinitive | the frog *not said here* | the juice |  | the eyes of the people and animals |  |  | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent juice=Material into eye=Product |
| 6 | **wake up** | would | people |  |  |  |  | all *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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