---
title: Ori Namfup was very frightened, and ran into the town and told the p… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: Ori Namfup was very frightened, and ran into the town and told the people that Ori had fallen from a tree, and was dead. Who acts: Ori, people. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xv.--what Happened At Okuni When Anyone Was Killed By Accident., with its de
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xv.--what Happened At Okuni When Anyone Was Killed By Accident., sentence 4

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Ori Namfup was very frightened, and ran into the town and told the people that Ori had fallen from a tree, and was dead.

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**Who acts:** Ori, people · **What happens:** be, run, tell, fall · **To what, where:** town, people, tree · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xv.--what Happened At Okuni When Anyone Was Killed By Accident.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ori, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:12:4
# text = Ori Namfup was very frightened, and ran into the town and told the people that Ori had fallen from a tree, and was dead.
1	Ori	Ori	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	Namfup	Namfup	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	very	very	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	frightened	frightened	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
9	into	into	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	iobj	_	_
16	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	nsubj	_	_
17	Ori	Ori	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
18	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	fallen	fall	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	15	acl:relcl	_	_
20	from	from	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
25	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	cop	_	_
26	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Ori |  |  |  |  | frightened *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **run** | past |  |  |  |  |  | into the town *result* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into town=Result |
| 3 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past |  |  | the people |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent people=Recipient |
| 4 | **fall** | past · perfect | the people |  |  | a tree |  | Ori *nsubj* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from tree=Initial\_Location |
| 5 | **is** | past | Ori *not said here* |  |  |  |  | dead *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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