---
title: When they arrived Okpa received them gladly and ordered food to be p… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: When they arrived Okpa received them gladly and ordered food to be prepared at once. Who acts: calabashes, Okpa. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xv.--what Happened At Okuni When Anyone Was Killed By Accident., with its dependency tree and the pragmatic
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xv.--what Happened At Okuni When Anyone Was Killed By Accident., sentence 41

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When they arrived Okpa received them gladly and ordered food to be prepared at once.

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**Who acts:** calabashes, Okpa · **What happens:** arrive, receive, order, be · **To what, where:** calabashes, food

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xv.--what Happened At Okuni When Anyone Was Killed By Accident.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (calabashes, Okpa), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:12:41
# text = When they arrived Okpa received them gladly and ordered food to be prepared at once.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	arrived	arrive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
4	Okpa	Okpa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	received	receive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	gladly	gladly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	ordered	order	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
10	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
12	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	cop	_	_
13	prepared	prepared	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	advcl	_	_
14	at	at	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arrive** | past | calabashes *= calabash* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **receive** | past | Okpa | calabashes *= calabash* |  |  |  | gladly *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 3 | **order** | past | Okpa *not said here* | food |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Theme |
| 4 | **is** | to-infinitive | Okpa *not said here* |  |  |  |  | prepared *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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