---
title: In connection with the above it may be of interest to note the forma… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: In connection with the above it may be of interest to note the formalities which are invariably observed whenever tombo is brought for people to drink, even when there are only a few present. Who acts: the, people. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xv.--
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xv.--what Happened At Okuni When Anyone Was Killed By Accident., sentence 62

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In connection with the above it may be of interest to note the formalities which are invariably observed whenever tombo is brought for people to drink, even when there are only a few present.

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**Who acts:** the, people · **What happens:** be, note, observe, bring, drink · **To what, where:** formalities, tombo, few present, connection

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xv.--what Happened At Okuni When Anyone Was Killed By Accident.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (the, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:12:63
# text = In connection with the above it may be of interest to note the formalities which are invariably observed whenever tombo is brought for people to drink, even when there are only a few present.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	connection	connection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	nsubj	_	_
5	above	above	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nmod	_	_
7	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
8	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	cop	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	interest	interest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	note	note	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	acl	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	formalities	formality	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
15	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
16	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux:pass	_	_
17	invariably	invariably	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	observed	observe	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	acl:relcl	_	_
19	whenever	whenever	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	22	advmod	_	_
20	tombo	tombo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj:pass	_	_
21	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux:pass	_	_
22	brought	bring	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	conj	_	_
23	for	for	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obl:agent	_	_
25	to	to	PART	TO	_	26	mark	_	_
26	drink	drink	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
28	even	even	ADV	RB	_	35	advmod	_	_
29	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	31	mark	_	_
30	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	31	expl	_	_
31	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	35	cop	_	_
32	only	only	ADV	RB	_	35	advmod	_	_
33	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
34	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	_
35	present	present	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | may | the above connection |  |  |  |  | with interest | tree rules |
| 2 | **note** | to-infinitive |  | the formalities and a few present |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent formality=Topic |
| 3 | **observe** | present · passive |  | the formalities and a few present |  |  |  | invariably *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic |
| 4 | **bring** | present · passive | people | tombo |  |  |  | whenever *property* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |
| 5 | **drink** | to-infinitive | people *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **is a** | present |  | a few present |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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