---
title: After that the next glass is given to the chief who throws it on the… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: After that the next glass is given to the chief who throws it on the ground as a libation to the dead ancestors, then the glass will be filled again, and the chief drinks it. Who acts: chief. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xv.--what Happened At Okuni 
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xv.--what Happened At Okuni When Anyone Was Killed By Accident., sentence 66

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After that the next glass is given to the chief who throws it on the ground as a libation to the dead ancestors, then the glass will be filled again, and the chief drinks it.

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**Who acts:** chief · **What happens:** give, throw, fill, drink · **To what, where:** chief, tombo, ground, glass

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xv.--what Happened At Okuni When Anyone Was Killed By Accident.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chief), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:12:67
# text = After that the next glass is given to the chief who throws it on the ground as a libation to the dead ancestors, then the glass will be filled again, and the chief drinks it.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
2	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	1	fixed	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	chief	chief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	throws	throw	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	on	on	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
17	as	as	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	libation	libation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
20	to	to	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	ancestors	ancestor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
25	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	30	advmod	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nsubj:pass	_	_
28	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	30	aux	_	_
29	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	30	aux:pass	_	_
30	filled	fill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	_
31	again	again	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	chief	chief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	nsubj	_	_
36	drinks	drink	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
37	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	36	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · passive |  |  | the chief |  | after the next glass |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: to chief=Recipient |
| 2 | **throw** | present | the chief | tombo |  | the ground |  | as a libation; to the dead ancestors | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent it=Theme on ground=Destination |
| 3 | **fill** | future · passive |  | the glass |  |  | then; again |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |
| 4 | **drink** | present | the chief | tombo |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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