---
title: When all the people were working, including the women and children o… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: When all the people were working, including the women and children on the farm, Eba always stood with his father in the shade of a tree throughout the heat of the day, and when it was time to go home in the evening, and all the others were carrying heavy loads, some of firewood, and others of food, 
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/12/75/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/) / [Xv.--what Happened At Okuni When Anyon…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/12/) / 75

# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xv.--what Happened At Okuni When Anyone Was Killed By Accident., sentence 75

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When all the people were working, including the women and children on the farm, Eba always stood with his father in the shade of a tree throughout the heat of the day, and when it was time to go home in the evening, and all the others were carrying heavy loads, some of firewood, and others of food, Eba only carried his father’s bag, containing his snuff and horn.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** people, Eba, heat, others, day · **What happens:** work, stand, be, go, carry, contain · **To what, where:** others, shade, time, heavy loads, bag, snuff

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xv.--what Happened At Okuni When Anyone Was Killed By Accident.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, Eba, heat, others), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:12:76
# text = When all the people were working, including the women and children on the farm, Eba always stood with his father in the shade of a tree throughout the heat of the day, and when it was time to go home in the evening, and all the others were carrying heavy loads, some of firewood, and others of food, Eba only carried his father’s bag, containing his snuff and horn.
1	When	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	6	mark	_	_
2	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	4	det:predet	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
5	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	working	work	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	19	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	including	including	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	women	woman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
13	on	on	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	farm	farm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
17	Eba	Eba	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
18	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	19	advmod	_	_
19	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
20	with	with	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
23	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	shade	shade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
29	throughout	throughout	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
36	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
37	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	19	advmod	_	_
38	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	40	nsubj	_	_
39	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	40	cop	_	_
40	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	nsubj	_	_
41	to	to	PART	TO	_	42	mark	_	_
42	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	40	acl	_	_
43	home	home	ADV	RB	_	42	advmod	_	_
44	in	in	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
45	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	46	det	_	_
46	evening	evening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	53	punct	_	_
48	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	53	cc	_	_
49	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	51	det:predet	_	_
50	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	51	det	_	_
51	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	53	nsubj	_	_
52	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	53	aux	_	_
53	carrying	carry	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	19	advcl	_	_
54	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	55	amod	_	_
55	loads	load	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	53	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
56	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	59	punct	_	_
57	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	59	det	_	_
58	of	of	ADP	IN	_	59	case	_	_
59	firewood	firewood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	55	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
60	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	62	punct	_	_
61	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	62	cc	_	_
62	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obl	_	_
63	of	of	ADP	IN	_	64	case	_	_
64	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	62	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
65	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	68	punct	_	_
66	Eba	Eba	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	68	nsubj	_	_
67	only	only	ADV	RB	_	68	advmod	_	_
68	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	conj	_	_
69	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	70	nmod:poss	_	_
70	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	72	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
71	’s	's	PART	POS	_	70	case	_	_
72	bag	bag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	68	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
73	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	74	punct	_	_
74	containing	contain	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	68	advcl	_	_
75	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	76	nmod:poss	_	_
76	snuff	snuff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	74	obj	_	_
77	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	78	cc	_	_
78	horn	horn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	76	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
79	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **work** | past · progressive | all people |  |  |  |  | including the women on the farm and children | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **stand** | past | Eba | others of food |  | the shade of a tree throughout the heat of the day |  | with Eba's father; always *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in shade=Location |
| 3 | **is a** | past | heat | time |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **go** | to-infinitive | Eba *not said here* |  |  |  | evening | home *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **carry** | past · progressive | all others | heavy loads and some firewood |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent load=Theme |
| 6 | **carry** | past | Eba | Eba's father's bag |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bag=Theme |
| 7 | **contain** | gerund | Eba *not said here* | Eba's snuff and horn |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot snuff=Theme |
| 8 | **shade** |  |  | a tree throughout the heat of the day |  |  |  |  | nom shade «state transitive»: of=patient |
| 9 | **heat** |  | the day |  |  |  |  |  | nom heat «phenomenon intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 74](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/12/74/)
- next →: [sentence 76](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/12/76/)
- ↑ back to [Xv.--what Happened At Okuni When Anyone Was Killed By Accident.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/12/)