---
title: When it became dark, as they did not return, Alankor sent four more… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: When it became dark, as they did not return, Alankor sent four more slaves after the other two, and told them to search the farm all over for his son, but they did not return either. Who acts: FOOD, slaves, Alankor. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xv.-
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xv.--what Happened At Okuni When Anyone Was Killed By Accident., sentence 87

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When it became dark, as they did not return, Alankor sent four more slaves after the other two, and told them to search the farm all over for his son, but they did not return either.

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**Who acts:** FOOD, slaves, Alankor · **What happens:** become, not return, send, tell, search · **To what, where:** four more slaves, slaves, farm · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xv.--what Happened At Okuni When Anyone Was Killed By Accident.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (FOOD, slaves, Alankor), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:12:88
# text = When it became dark, as they did not return, Alankor sent four more slaves after the other two, and told them to search the farm all over for his son, but they did not return either.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	advcl	_	_
4	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
7	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
8	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	return	return	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
12	Alankor	Alankor	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	_
15	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	16	amod	_	_
16	slaves	slave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
17	after	after	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
24	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	iobj	_	_
25	to	to	PART	TO	_	26	mark	_	_
26	search	search	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	xcomp	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	farm	farm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	_
29	all	all	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
30	over	over	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
31	for	for	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	33	nmod:poss	_	_
33	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
35	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
36	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	39	nsubj	_	_
37	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	39	aux	_	_
38	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	39	advmod	_	_
39	return	return	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	ccomp	_	_
40	either	either	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	39	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | past | FOOD |  |  |  |  | dark *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **not** **return** | past · do-support | slaves *= slave* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **send** | past | Alankor | four more slaves |  |  | after the other two |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent slave=Theme |
| 4 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | Alankor *not said here* |  | slaves *= slave* |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent they=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 5 | **search** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Alankor *not said here* | the farm |  |  |  | for Eba's son; over *property* | vn search-35.2 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent farm=Location for son=Theme |
| 6 | **not** **return** | past · do-support | slaves *= slave* |  |  |  |  | either *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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