---
title: As the chief did not return, the wives and daughters went out to the… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: As the chief did not return, the wives and daughters went out to the farm to look for him and try to find out what had happened to everybody, thus leaving the house deserted except for the cattle and the fowls. Who acts: chief, wives, house. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xv.--what Happened At Okuni When Anyone Was Killed By Accident., sentence 92

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As the chief did not return, the wives and daughters went out to the farm to look for him and try to find out what had happened to everybody, thus leaving the house deserted except for the cattle and the fowls.

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**Who acts:** chief, wives, house · **What happens:** not return, go out, look, try, find out, happen · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xv.--what Happened At Okuni When Anyone Was Killed By Accident.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chief, wives, house), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:12:93
# text = As the chief did not return, the wives and daughters went out to the farm to look for him and try to find out what had happened to everybody, thus leaving the house deserted except for the cattle and the fowls.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	chief	chief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
4	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	return	return	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	wives	wife	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	daughters	daughter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
12	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	out	out	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	farm	farm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
18	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	advcl	_	_
19	for	for	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	obl	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	try	try	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	conj	_	_
23	to	to	PART	TO	_	24	mark	_	_
24	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	xcomp	_	_
25	out	out	ADP	RP	_	24	compound:prt	_	_
26	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	28	nsubj	_	_
27	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
28	happened	happen	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	24	ccomp	_	_
29	to	to	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	everybody	everybody	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
32	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	_
33	leaving	leave	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	28	advcl	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	nsubj	_	_
36	deserted	desert	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	33	ccomp	_	_
37	except	except	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
38	for	for	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	cattle	cattle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	obl	_	_
41	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	43	cc	_	_
42	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
43	fowls	fowl	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	40	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **return** | past · do-support | the chief *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **go out** | past | the wives and daughters |  |  |  |  | as the chief; to the farm; out *property* | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **look** | to-infinitive | the wives and daughters *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for message | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for he=Theme |
| 4 | **try** | infinitive | the wives and daughters *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 5 | **find out** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the wives and daughters *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 6 | **happen** | past · perfect |  |  |  |  |  | to everybody; what *nsubj* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 7 | **leave** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | thus *property* | tree rules |
| 8 | **desert** | past | the house |  |  |  |  | except the cattle and the fowls | vn leave-51.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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