---
title: When an animal which had been wounded by the elephant or the hawk ra… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: When an animal which had been wounded by the elephant or the hawk ran into the net it very soon became entangled in the meshes of the net. Who acts: elephant, animal. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xviii.--how the River Came Into Existence; Or, Why a 
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xviii.--how the River Came Into Existence; Or, Why a Crab Has No Head., sentence 6

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When an animal which had been wounded by the elephant or the hawk ran into the net it very soon became entangled in the meshes of the net.

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**Who acts:** elephant, animal · **What happens:** wound, run, entangle · **To what, where:** animal, net

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xviii.--how the River Came Into Existence; Or, Why a Crab Has No Head.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (elephant, animal), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:13:6
# text = When an animal which had been wounded by the elephant or the hawk ran into the net it very soon became entangled in the meshes of the net.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	14	advmod	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
4	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	wounded	wound	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl:relcl	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	elephant	elephant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	hawk	hawk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
14	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	advcl	_	_
15	into	into	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	net	net	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obl	_	_
19	very	very	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	22	advmod	_	_
21	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux:pass	_	_
22	entangled	entangle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
23	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	meshes	mesh	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obl	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	net	net	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	22	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wound** | past · perfect · passive | the elephant or the hawk | a animal |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus subject=Experiencer |
| 2 | **run** | past | a animal | net |  | the net |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into net=Destination |
| 3 | **entangle** | past · passive |  |  |  |  |  | in the meshes of the net; soon *property* | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: in mesh=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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