---
title: Cows would then be killed and goats, and all the people of the count… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: Cows would then be killed and goats, and all the people of the country, including the witches, would be invited to attend the feast which would be given in honour of the chief’s dead wife. Who acts: people. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xix.--why the
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xix.--why the Mist Rises From the Water., sentence 44

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Cows would then be killed and goats, and all the people of the country, including the witches, would be invited to attend the feast which would be given in honour of the chief’s dead wife.

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**Who acts:** people · **What happens:** kill, invite, attend, give, honour · **To what, where:** Cows, people, feast, honour, dead wife

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xix.--why the Mist Rises From the Water.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:14:44
# text = Cows would then be killed and goats, and all the people of the country, including the witches, would be invited to attend the feast which would be given in honour of the chief’s dead wife.
1	Cows	cow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	killed	kill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	goats	goat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
10	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	12	det:predet	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	including	including	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	witches	witch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
21	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
22	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	aux:pass	_	_
23	invited	invite	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
24	to	to	PART	TO	_	25	mark	_	_
25	attend	attend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	xcomp	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	feast	feast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	_
28	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	31	nsubj	_	_
29	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	31	aux	_	_
30	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	31	aux:pass	_	_
31	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	27	acl:relcl	_	_
32	in	in	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	honour	honour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	chief	chief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	’s	's	PART	POS	_	36	case	_	_
38	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	39	amod	_	_
39	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **kill** | would · passive |  | Cows |  |  | then | goats *conj* | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **invite** | would · passive |  | all people of the country and the witches |  |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 3 | **attend** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | all people of the country and the witches *not said here* | the feast |  |  |  |  | vn attend-107.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme feast=Goal |
| 4 | **give** | would · passive |  | the feast |  | honour of the chief's dead wife |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 5 | **honour** |  |  | the chief's dead wife |  |  |  |  | nom honour «state transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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