--- title: When Ogbaja saw that all the witches had gone to sleep, he covered t… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics description: When Ogbaja saw that all the witches had gone to sleep, he covered them all over, very softly, with dry palm leaves, and, having set fire to them, went out and fastened the door. Who acts: Ogbaja, witches. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xix.--why the --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/14/55/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/) / [Xix.--why the Mist Rises From the Water.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/14/) / 55 # Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xix.--why the Mist Rises From the Water., sentence 55 When Ogbaja saw that all the witches had gone to sleep, he covered them all over, very softly, with dry palm leaves, and, having set fire to them, went out and fastened the door. **Who acts:** Ogbaja, witches · **What happens:** see, go, sleep, cover, have, go out · **To what, where:** witches, set fire, door · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xix.--why the Mist Rises From the Water.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ogbaja, witches), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg70959:14:55 # text = When Ogbaja saw that all the witches had gone to sleep, he covered them all over, very softly, with dry palm leaves, and, having set fire to them, went out and fastened the door. 1 When when ADV WRB PronType=Int 3 advmod _ _ 2 Ogbaja Ogbaja PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 advcl _ _ 4 that that SCONJ IN _ 9 mark _ _ 5 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 7 det:predet _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 witches witch NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nsubj _ _ 8 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 aux _ _ 9 gone go VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 3 ccomp _ _ 10 to to PART TO _ 11 mark _ _ 11 sleep sleep VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 9 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 12 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 13 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ _ 14 covered cover VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 15 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 obj _ _ 16 all all ADV RB _ 17 advmod _ _ 17 over over ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 18 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 19 very very ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 20 softly softly ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 21 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 22 with with ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 23 dry dry ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 amod _ _ 24 palm palm NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 compound _ _ 25 leaves leaf NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 26 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ SpaceAfter=No 28 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 29 having have VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 35 advcl _ _ 30 set set NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 compound _ _ 31 fire fire NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obj _ _ 32 to to ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 34 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 35 went go VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 conj _ _ 36 out out ADV RB _ 35 advmod _ _ 37 and and CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 38 fastened fasten VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 35 conj _ _ 39 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 40 door door NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 41 . . PUNCT . _ 14 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **see** | past | Ogbaja | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 2 | **go** | past · perfect | all witches | | | | | | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **sleep** | to-infinitive | all witches *not said here* | | | | | | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **cover** | past | Ogbaja | witches *= witch* | | | | with dry palm leaves; over, softly *property* | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent they=Destination with leaf=Theme | | 5 | **have** | gerund | | set fire | witches *= witch* | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Patient | | 6 | **go out** | past | Ogbaja *not said here* | | | | | out *property* | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **fasten** | past | Ogbaja *not said here* | the door | | | | | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent door=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 54](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/14/54/) - next →: [sentence 56](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/14/56/) - ↑ back to [Xix.--why the Mist Rises From the Water.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/14/)