---
title: When this drum was beaten with two soft pieces of wood, the sound ca… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: When this drum was beaten with two soft pieces of wood, the sound carried for a great distance. Who acts: sound. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xix.--why the Mist Rises From the Water., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xix.--why the Mist Rises From the Water., sentence 72

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When this drum was beaten with two soft pieces of wood, the sound carried for a great distance.

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**Who acts:** sound · **What happens:** beat, carry · **To what, where:** drum

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xix.--why the Mist Rises From the Water.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sound), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:14:72
# text = When this drum was beaten with two soft pieces of wood, the sound carried for a great distance.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
2	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	drum	drum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	beaten	beat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
8	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	pieces	piece	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
16	for	for	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	distance	distance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **beat** | past · passive |  | this drum |  |  |  | with two soft pieces of wood | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with piece=Instrument |
| 2 | **carry** | past | the sound |  |  |  |  | for a great distance | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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