--- title: She then listened and could hear singing and dancing going on, but t… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics description: She then listened and could hear singing and dancing going on, but the sounds seemed to come from the inside of the drum, and, although she looked round everywhere, she could not see anybody. Who acts: way, sounds. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xix.- --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/14/99/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/) / [Xix.--why the Mist Rises From the Water.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/14/) / 99 # Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xix.--why the Mist Rises From the Water., sentence 99 She then listened and could hear singing and dancing going on, but the sounds seemed to come from the inside of the drum, and, although she looked round everywhere, she could not see anybody. **Who acts:** way, sounds · **What happens:** listen, hear, sing, dance, go on, seem · **To what, where:** inside, anybody This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xix.--why the Mist Rises From the Water.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (way, sounds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg70959:14:99 # text = She then listened and could hear singing and dancing going on, but the sounds seemed to come from the inside of the drum, and, although she looked round everywhere, she could not see anybody. 1 She she PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 2 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 3 advmod _ _ 3 listened listen VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 and and CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ _ 5 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 6 aux _ _ 6 hear hear VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 conj _ _ 7 singing sing VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 6 xcomp _ _ 8 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 9 dancing dance VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 7 conj _ _ 10 going go VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 9 ccomp _ _ 11 on on ADP RP _ 10 compound:prt _ SpaceAfter=No 12 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 13 but but CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 sounds sound NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 nsubj _ _ 16 seemed seem VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 17 to to PART TO _ 18 mark _ _ 18 come come VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 xcomp _ _ 19 from from ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 inside inside NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ _ 22 of of ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 drum drum NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 25 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 37 cc _ SpaceAfter=No 27 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 28 although although SCONJ IN _ 30 mark _ _ 29 she she PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 nsubj _ _ 30 looked look VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 37 advcl _ _ 31 round round ADV RB _ 30 advmod _ _ 32 everywhere everywhere ADV RB PronType=Tot 30 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 33 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 34 she she PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 37 nsubj _ _ 35 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 37 aux _ _ 36 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 37 advmod _ _ 37 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 conj _ _ 38 anybody anybody PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 37 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 39 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **listen** | past | way | | | | then | | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **hear** | could | way *not said here* | | | | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 3 | **sing** *speech: express* | gerund | way *not said here* | | | | | | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **dance** | gerund | way *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **go on** | gerund | way *not said here* | | | | | | vn function-105.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **seem** | past | the sounds | | | | | | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute | | 7 | **come** | to-infinitive | the sounds *not said here* | | | the inside of the drum | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from inside=Initial\_Location | | 8 | **look round** | past | way | | | | | everywhere, round *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | | 9 | **not** **see** | could | way | anybody | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer anybody=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 98](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/14/98/) - next →: [sentence 100](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/14/100/) - ↑ back to [Xix.--why the Mist Rises From the Water.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/14/)