--- title: While he was gone, the hawk, who was hovering round, soon caught sig… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics description: While he was gone, the hawk, who was hovering round, soon caught sight of the chicken, and swooped down and carried it off and eat it. Who acts: rat, hawk, caught sight. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxi.--why the Head of the Male Goat Smells So Stro --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/15/15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/) / [Xxi.--why the Head of the Male Goat Sm…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/15/) / 15 # Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxi.--why the Head of the Male Goat Smells So Strong., sentence 15 While he was gone, the hawk, who was hovering round, soon caught sight of the chicken, and swooped down and carried it off and eat it. **Who acts:** rat, hawk, caught sight · **What happens:** be, hover, catch, swoop down, carry off, eat · **To what, where:** sight, chicken This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxi.--why the Head of the Male Goat Smells So Strong.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rat, hawk, caught sight), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg70959:15:15 # text = While he was gone, the hawk, who was hovering round, soon caught sight of the chicken, and swooped down and carried it off and eat it. 1 While while SCONJ IN _ 4 mark _ _ 2 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 3 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 4 gone gone ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 5 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 hawk hawk NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 8 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 9 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 11 nsubj _ _ 10 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 11 aux _ _ 11 hovering hover VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 7 acl:relcl _ _ 12 round round ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 13 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 14 soon soon ADV RB Degree=Pos 15 advmod _ _ 15 caught catch VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 16 amod _ _ 16 sight sight NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ _ 17 of of ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 chicken chicken NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 20 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 22 swooped swoop VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 23 down down ADP RP _ 22 compound:prt _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 25 carried carry VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 22 conj _ _ 26 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 obj _ _ 27 off off ADP RP _ 25 compound:prt _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 29 eat eat VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 25 conj _ _ 30 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 31 . . PUNCT . _ 22 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | past | rat | | | | | the hawk *conj*; gone *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **hover** | past · progressive | the hawk | | | | | round *property* | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **catch** | participle | | | | | | soon *property* | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **swoop down** | past | caught sight of the chicken | | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **carry off** | past | caught sight of the chicken *not said here* | sight | | | | | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | | 6 | **eat** | infinitive | caught sight of the chicken *not said here* | sight | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient | | 7 | **sight** | | | the chicken | | | | | nom sight «cognition transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/15/14/) - next →: [sentence 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/15/16/) - ↑ back to [Xxi.--why the Head of the Male Goat Smells So Strong.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/15/)