--- title: The farmer said he thought the goat had forgotten all about the yam,… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics description: The farmer said he thought the goat had forgotten all about the yam, so he had planted it, but he was willing to pay, so he told one of his wives to bring a ball of camwood, which he gave to the goat. Who acts: farmer, goat, ball. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinston --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/15/30/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/) / [Xxi.--why the Head of the Male Goat Sm…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/15/) / 30 # Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxi.--why the Head of the Male Goat Smells So Strong., sentence 30 The farmer said he thought the goat had forgotten all about the yam, so he had planted it, but he was willing to pay, so he told one of his wives to bring a ball of camwood, which he gave to the goat. **Who acts:** farmer, goat, ball · **What happens:** say, think, forget, plant, be, pay · **To what, where:** yam, one, ball, goat · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxi.--why the Head of the Male Goat Smells So Strong.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (farmer, goat, ball), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg70959:15:30 # text = The farmer said he thought the goat had forgotten all about the yam, so he had planted it, but he was willing to pay, so he told one of his wives to bring a ball of camwood, which he gave to the goat. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 farmer farmer NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj _ _ 5 thought think VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 ccomp _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 goat goat NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 8 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 aux _ _ 9 forgotten forget VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 5 ccomp _ _ 10 all all ADV RB _ 13 advmod _ _ 11 about about ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 yam yam NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 14 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 15 so so ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 16 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ _ 17 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 aux _ _ 18 planted plant VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 9 parataxis _ _ 19 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 20 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 21 but but CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 22 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ _ 23 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 24 cop _ _ 24 willing willing ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 conj _ _ 25 to to PART TO _ 26 mark _ _ 26 pay pay VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 24 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 27 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 28 so so ADV RB _ 30 advmod _ _ 29 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 nsubj _ _ 30 told tell VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 31 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 30 obj _ _ 32 of of ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 34 nmod:poss _ _ 34 wives wife NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 nmod _ _ 35 to to PART TO _ 36 mark _ _ 36 bring bring VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 30 ccomp _ _ 37 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 ball ball NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obj _ _ 39 of of ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 40 camwood camwood NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 41 , , PUNCT , _ 44 punct _ _ 42 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 44 nsubj _ _ 43 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 44 nsubj _ _ 44 gave give VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 38 acl:relcl _ _ 45 to to ADP IN _ 47 case _ _ 46 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 47 det _ _ 47 goat goat NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 48 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the farmer | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **think** *speech: other* | past | farmer | | | | | | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 3 | **forget** | past · perfect | the goat | | | | | about the yam | tree rules | | 4 | **plant** | past · perfect | farmer | yam | | | | | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient | | 5 | **is** | past | farmer | | | | | willing *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **pay** | to-infinitive | farmer *not said here* | | | | | | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | farmer | one of farmer's wives | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent one=Recipient clause=Topic | | 8 | **bring** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | | a ball of camwood | | | | | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent ball=Theme | | 9 | **give** | past | a ball of camwood | | the goat | | | farmer *nsubj* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to goat=Recipient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/15/29/) - next →: [sentence 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/15/31/) - ↑ back to [Xxi.--why the Head of the Male Goat Smells So Strong.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/15/)