--- title: The next day one of the chief’s slaves died, and when the people wer… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics description: The next day one of the chief’s slaves died, and when the people were going to bury the body, the goat, observing that they wrapped it up in plaintain leaves, at once said, “In my country, when anyone dies, they are wrapped up in sleeping-mats.” Who acts: one, people, anyone. A sentence of «Ikom fol --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/15/40/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/) / [Xxi.--why the Head of the Male Goat Sm…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/15/) / 40 # Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxi.--why the Head of the Male Goat Smells So Strong., sentence 40 The next day one of the chief’s slaves died, and when the people were going to bury the body, the goat, observing that they wrapped it up in plaintain leaves, at once said, “In my country, when anyone dies, they are wrapped up in sleeping-mats.” **Who acts:** one, people, anyone · **What happens:** die, go, bury, observe, wrap up, say · **To what, where:** body, chief, plaintain leaves, people, sleeping mats · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxi.--why the Head of the Male Goat Smells So Strong.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one, people, anyone), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg70959:15:40 # text = The next day one of the chief’s slaves died, and when the people were going to bury the body, the goat, observing that they wrapped it up in plaintain leaves, at once said, “In my country, when anyone dies, they are wrapped up in sleeping-mats.” 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 next next ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl:unmarked _ _ 4 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 10 nsubj _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 chief chief NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 8 ’s 's PART POS _ 7 case _ _ 9 slaves slave NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nsubj _ _ 10 died die VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 11 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 13 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 17 advmod _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 nsubj _ _ 16 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 17 aux _ _ 17 going go VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 10 conj _ _ 18 to to PART TO _ 19 mark _ _ 19 bury bury VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 17 xcomp _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 body body NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 22 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 goat goat NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 25 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 26 observing observe VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 17 parataxis _ _ 27 that that SCONJ IN _ 29 mark _ _ 28 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj _ _ 29 wrapped wrap VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 26 advcl _ _ 30 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 obj _ _ 31 up up ADP RP _ 29 compound:prt _ _ 32 in in ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 plaintain plaintain NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 compound _ _ 34 leaves leaf NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 35 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 36 at at SCONJ IN _ 38 mark _ _ 37 once once ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 38 advmod _ _ 38 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 29 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 39 , , PUNCT , _ 43 punct _ _ 40 “ " PUNCT `` _ 43 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 41 In in ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 42 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 43 nmod:poss _ _ 43 country country NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 44 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ _ 45 when when SCONJ WRB _ 47 mark _ _ 46 anyone anyone PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 47 nsubj _ _ 47 dies die VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 43 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 48 , , PUNCT , _ 51 punct _ _ 49 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 51 nsubj:pass _ _ 50 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 51 aux:pass _ _ 51 wrapped wrap VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 10 conj _ _ 52 up up ADP RP _ 51 compound:prt _ _ 53 in in ADP IN _ 56 case _ _ 54 sleeping sleeping NOUN NN Number=Sing 56 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 55 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 54 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 56 mats mat NOUN NNS Number=Plur 51 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 57 . . PUNCT . _ 10 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 58 ” " PUNCT '' _ 10 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **die** | past | one the next day | | | | | the chief's slaves *nsubj* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | | 2 | **go** | past · progressive | the people | | | | | | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **bury** | to-infinitive | the people *not said here* | the body and the goat | | | | | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent body=Theme | | 4 | **observe** | gerund | | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **wrap up** | past | people | chief | | plaintain leaves | | | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme in leaf=Destination | | 6 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | | | | | | my country *ccomp*; once *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **die** *in a quote* | present | anyone | | | | | | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | | 8 | **wrap up** *in a quote* | present · passive | | people | | sleeping mats | | | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in mat=Destination | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 39](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/15/39/) - next →: [sentence 41](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/15/41/) - ↑ back to [Xxi.--why the Head of the Male Goat Smells So Strong.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/15/)