--- title: When he returned he found that, as he expected, his sleeping-mat had… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics description: When he returned he found that, as he expected, his sleeping-mat had been taken; so he went to the chief and asked for payment. Who acts: farmer. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxi.--why the Head of the Male Goat Smells So Strong., with its dependency --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/15/42/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/) / [Xxi.--why the Head of the Male Goat Sm…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/15/) / 42 # Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxi.--why the Head of the Male Goat Smells So Strong., sentence 42 When he returned he found that, as he expected, his sleeping-mat had been taken; so he went to the chief and asked for payment. **Who acts:** farmer · **What happens:** return, find, expect, take, go, ask · **To what, where:** sleeping mat, chief This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxi.--why the Head of the Male Goat Smells So Strong.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (farmer), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg70959:15:42 # text = When he returned he found that, as he expected, his sleeping-mat had been taken; so he went to the chief and asked for payment. 1 When when ADV WRB PronType=Int 3 advmod _ _ 2 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 returned return VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 advcl _ _ 4 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj _ _ 5 found find VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 that that ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 7 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 8 as as SCONJ IN _ 10 mark _ _ 9 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ _ 10 expected expect VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 11 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 12 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ _ 13 sleeping sleeping NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 14 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 13 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 15 mat mat NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nsubj:pass _ _ 16 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 aux _ _ 17 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 18 aux:pass _ _ 18 taken take VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 10 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 19 ; ; PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 20 so so ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ _ 21 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 22 went go VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ _ 23 to to ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 chief chief NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 27 asked ask VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 22 conj _ _ 28 for for ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 29 payment payment NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 30 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **return** | past | farmer | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **find** | past | farmer | | | | | that *property* | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **expect** | past | farmer | | | | | | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **take** | past · perfect · passive | | farmer's sleeping mat | | | | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | | 5 | **go** | past | farmer | | | the chief | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to chief=Initial\_Location | | 6 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | farmer *not said here* | | | | | for payment | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 41](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/15/41/) - next →: [sentence 43](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/15/43/) - ↑ back to [Xxi.--why the Head of the Male Goat Smells So Strong.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/15/)