---
title: On the third day, when the dead body did not reply, the goat became… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: On the third day, when the dead body did not reply, the goat became so angry that he charged the dead body as hard as he could, and butted it with his horns again and again. Who acts: dead body, goat, farmer. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxi.--why t
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxi.--why the Head of the Male Goat Smells So Strong., sentence 47

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On the third day, when the dead body did not reply, the goat became so angry that he charged the dead body as hard as he could, and butted it with his horns again and again.

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**Who acts:** dead body, goat, farmer · **What happens:** not reply, become, charge, butt · **To what, where:** dead body, answer

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxi.--why the Head of the Male Goat Smells So Strong.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dead body, goat, farmer), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:15:47
# text = On the third day, when the dead body did not reply, the goat became so angry that he charged the dead body as hard as he could, and butted it with his horns again and again.
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	third	third	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	4	amod	_	_
4	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	12	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
10	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	reply	reply	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	goat	goat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
16	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
17	so	so	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	angry	angry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	xcomp	_	_
19	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
20	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
21	charged	charge	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	advcl	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
25	as	as	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
26	hard	hard	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	21	advmod	_	_
27	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	29	mark	_	_
28	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
29	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	26	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	butted	butt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	parataxis	_	_
33	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	obj	_	_
34	with	with	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	36	nmod:poss	_	_
36	horns	horn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	obl	_	_
37	again	again	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
38	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
39	again	again	ADV	RB	_	37	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **reply** *speech: assert* | past · do-support | the dead body |  |  |  | day |  | vn respond-113 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **become** | past | the goat |  |  |  |  | angry *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **charge** | past | farmer | the dead body |  |  |  | hard *property* | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location body=Theme |
| 4 | **butt** | past |  | answer |  |  | again; again | with farmer's horns | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent it=Patient with horn=Instrument |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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