---
title: He then called his wife Obim, who brought on a calabash the part of… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: He then called his wife Obim, who brought on a calabash the part of the dead chief’s body, which had been cut off and dried in the sun, as proof of what he had said. Who acts: chief, wife. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxiii.--why Edidor Killed Her H
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxiii.--why Edidor Killed Her Husband and Her Lover., sentence 154

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He then called his wife Obim, who brought on a calabash the part of the dead chief’s body, which had been cut off and dried in the sun, as proof of what he had said.

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**Who acts:** chief, wife · **What happens:** call, bring, cut off, dry, say · **To what, where:** wife, calabash, part, sun · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxiii.--why Edidor Killed Her Husband and Her Lover.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chief, wife), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:17:154
# text = He then called his wife Obim, who brought on a calabash the part of the dead chief’s body, which had been cut off and dried in the sun, as proof of what he had said.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
3	called	call	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	Obim	Obim	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	calabash	calabash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	appos	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	chief	chief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	’s	's	PART	POS	_	18	case	_	_
20	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
22	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	25	nsubj:pass	_	_
23	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
24	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	25	aux:pass	_	_
25	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	acl	_	_
26	off	off	ADP	RP	_	25	compound:prt	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	dried	dry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	25	conj	_	_
29	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
33	as	as	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	proof	proof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	parataxis	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	34	nmod	_	_
37	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	39	nsubj	_	_
38	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	39	aux	_	_
39	said	say	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	36	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | past | chief |  | chief's wife |  | then |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent wife=Recipient |
| 2 | **bring** | past | chief's wife |  |  | a calabash |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent on calabash=Destination |
| 3 | **cut off** | past · perfect · passive |  | the part of the dead chief's body |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: subject=Eventuality |
| 4 | **dry** | participle |  |  |  | the sun |  | proof *parataxis* | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | past · perfect | chief |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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