--- title: Oga knowing this, directly he had got into Abang’s skin, ran down to… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics description: Oga knowing this, directly he had got into Abang’s skin, ran down to the beach, and, jumping into a canoe, paddled himself across the Afi River, and ran off along the road to Akparabong as fast as he could go, leaving Abang sitting on the floor of the house calling to him to return at once and chang --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/18/17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/) / [Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Change…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/18/) / 17 # Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 1, sentence 17 Oga knowing this, directly he had got into Abang’s skin, ran down to the beach, and, jumping into a canoe, paddled himself across the Afi River, and ran off along the road to Akparabong as fast as he could go, leaving Abang sitting on the floor of the house calling to him to return at once and change skins. **Who acts:** Oga · **What happens:** know, get, run down, jump, paddle, run off · **To what, where:** this, Oga, skin, canoe, Afi River, road · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Oga), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg70959:18:17 # text = Oga knowing this, directly he had got into Abang’s skin, ran down to the beach, and, jumping into a canoe, paddled himself across the Afi River, and ran off along the road to Akparabong as fast as he could go, leaving Abang sitting on the floor of the house calling to him to return at once and change skins. 1 Oga Oga PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ _ 2 knowing know VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 1 acl _ _ 3 this this PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 2 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 4 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 5 directly directly ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 6 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nsubj _ _ 7 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 aux _ _ 8 got get VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 1 acl _ _ 9 into into ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 10 Abang Abang PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 11 ’s 's PART POS _ 10 case _ _ 12 skin skin NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 13 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 14 ran run VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 15 down down ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ _ 16 to to ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 beach beach NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 19 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ SpaceAfter=No 21 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 22 jumping jump VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 14 advcl _ _ 23 into into ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 canoe canoe NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 26 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 27 paddled paddle VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 conj _ _ 28 himself himself PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 27 obj _ _ 29 across across ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 31 Afi Afi PROPN NNP Number=Sing 32 compound _ _ 32 River River PROPN NNP Number=Sing 27 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 33 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 34 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 35 ran run VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 conj _ _ 36 off off ADP RP _ 35 compound:prt _ _ 37 along along ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 38 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 39 road road NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obl _ _ 40 to to ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 41 Akparabong Akparabong PROPN NNP Number=Sing 39 nmod _ _ 42 as as ADV RB _ 43 advmod _ _ 43 fast fast ADV RB Degree=Pos 35 advmod _ _ 44 as as SCONJ IN _ 47 mark _ _ 45 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 47 nsubj _ _ 46 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 47 aux _ _ 47 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 43 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 48 , , PUNCT , _ 49 punct _ _ 49 leaving leave VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 47 advcl _ _ 50 Abang Abang PROPN NNP Number=Sing 49 obj _ _ 51 sitting sit VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 49 conj _ _ 52 on on ADP IN _ 54 case _ _ 53 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 54 det _ _ 54 floor floor NOUN NN Number=Sing 51 obl _ _ 55 of of ADP IN _ 57 case _ _ 56 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 57 det _ _ 57 house house NOUN NN Number=Sing 54 nmod _ _ 58 calling call VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 51 advcl _ _ 59 to to ADP IN _ 60 case _ _ 60 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 58 obl _ _ 61 to to PART TO _ 62 mark _ _ 62 return return VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 58 advcl _ _ 63 at at ADP IN _ 64 case _ _ 64 once once ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 62 obl _ _ 65 and and CCONJ CC _ 66 cc _ _ 66 change change VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 62 conj _ _ 67 skins skin NOUN NNS Number=Plur 66 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 68 . . PUNCT . _ 14 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **know** | gerund | Oga *not said here* | this | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer this=Stimulus | | 2 | **get** | past · perfect | Oga | Oga *not said here* | | Abang's skin | | directly *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer oga=Stimulus | | 3 | **run down** | past | Oga | | | | | to the beach *result*; down *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to beach=Result | | 4 | **jump** | gerund | Oga *not said here* | | | a canoe | | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into canoe=Destination | | 5 | **paddle** | past | Oga *not said here* | Oga | | the Afi River | | | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent himself=Theme across river=Trajectory | | 6 | **run off** | past | Oga *not said here* | | | the road to Akparabong | | fast *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme along road=Trajectory | | 7 | **go** | could | Oga | | | | | | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 8 | **leave** | gerund | Oga *not said here* | Abang | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent abang=Theme | | 9 | **sit** | gerund | Oga *not said here* | | | the floor of the house | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on floor=Location | | 10 | **call** | gerund | Oga *not said here* | | Oga | | | | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to he=Recipient | | 11 | **return** | to-infinitive | Oga *not said here* | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 12 | **change** | infinitive | Oga *not said here* | skins | | | | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skin=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/18/16/) - next →: [sentence 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/18/18/) - ↑ back to [Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/18/)