---
title: Oga stayed at Adaginkpor for a few days, during which time dances we… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: Oga stayed at Adaginkpor for a few days, during which time dances were held every night, as the moon was full, and all the people came in from their farms to see Abang and hear him play and sing. Who acts: Oga, moon, people. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayr
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 1, sentence 28

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Oga stayed at Adaginkpor for a few days, during which time dances were held every night, as the moon was full, and all the people came in from their farms to see Abang and hear him play and sing.

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**Who acts:** Oga, moon, people · **What happens:** stay, hold, be, come in, see, hear · **To what, where:** Adaginkpor, time dances, farms, Abang, Oga

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Oga, moon, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:18:28
# text = Oga stayed at Adaginkpor for a few days, during which time dances were held every night, as the moon was full, and all the people came in from their farms to see Abang and hear him play and sing.
1	Oga	Oga	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stayed	stay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Adaginkpor	Adaginkpor	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
10	during	during	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	obl	_	_
12	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	dances	dance	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	held	hold	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
16	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	17	det	_	_
17	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
19	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	moon	moon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
22	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
23	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
26	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	28	det:predet	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	nsubj	_	_
29	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
30	in	in	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
31	from	from	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	33	nmod:poss	_	_
33	farms	farm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	obl	_	_
34	to	to	PART	TO	_	35	mark	_	_
35	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	33	acl	_	_
36	Abang	Abang	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	obj	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
38	hear	hear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	35	conj	_	_
39	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	38	obj	_	_
40	play	play	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	38	xcomp	_	_
41	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
42	sing	sing	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	40	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | past | Oga |  |  | Adaginkpor | day |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at adaginkpor=Location |
| 2 | **hold** | past · passive |  | time dances |  |  | night | which *obl* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | past | the moon |  |  |  |  | full *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **come in** | past | all people |  |  | people's farms |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from farm=Initial\_Location |
| 5 | **see** | to-infinitive | all people *not said here* | Abang |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer abang=Stimulus |
| 6 | **hear** | infinitive | all people *not said here* | Oga |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **play** | infinitive | Oga *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 8 | **sing** *speech: express* | infinitive | Oga *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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