---
title: XXVI.--CONCERNING THE JU-JU AGAINST ELEPHANTIASIS, OR HOW THE HARES… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: XXVI.--CONCERNING THE JU-JU AGAINST ELEPHANTIASIS, OR HOW THE HARES LOST THEIR LONG TAILS. Who acts: XXVI, HARES. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 1, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics 
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 1, sentence 46

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XXVI.--CONCERNING THE JU-JU AGAINST ELEPHANTIASIS, OR HOW THE HARES LOST THEIR LONG TAILS.

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**Who acts:** XXVI, HARES · **What happens:** concern, lose · **To what, where:** JU JU, LONG TAILS, XXVI

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (XXVI, HARES), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:18:46
# text = XXVI.--CONCERNING THE JU-JU AGAINST ELEPHANTIASIS, OR HOW THE HARES LOST THEIR LONG TAILS.
1	XXVI	xxvi	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	CONCERNING	concern	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	acl	_	_
5	THE	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	JU	JU	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	JU	JU	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
9	AGAINST	against	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	ELEPHANTIASIS	elephantiasis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	OR	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
13	HOW	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	16	advmod	_	_
14	THE	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	HARES	hare	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	_
16	LOST	lose	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
17	THEIR	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
18	LONG	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	TAILS	tail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **concern** | gerund | XXVI *not said here* | the JU JU |  |  |  | against ELEPHANTIASIS | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus ju=Experiencer |
| 2 | **lose** | past | the HARES | HARES's LONG TAILS |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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