---
title: Okpa was a ju-ju man living at Okuni many years ago, and the name of… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: Okpa was a ju-ju man living at Okuni many years ago, and the name of his ju-ju was ’Nda. Who acts: Okpa, ju man. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 1, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics o
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 1, sentence 47

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Okpa was a ju-ju man living at Okuni many years ago, and the name of his ju-ju was ’Nda.

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**Who acts:** Okpa, ju man · **What happens:** be, live, name · **To what, where:** ju man, ju ju

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Okpa, ju man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:18:47
# text = Okpa was a ju-ju man living at Okuni many years ago, and the name of his ju-ju was ’Nda.
1	Okpa	Okpa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
4	ju	ju	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	ju	ju	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	living	live	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	acl	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	Okuni	Okuni	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
11	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
13	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
19	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
20	ju	ju	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	ju	ju	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
23	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	cop	_	_
24	’	'	X	GW	ExtPos=PROPN	7	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	Nda	Nda	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	goeswith	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Okpa | a ju man and the name of Okpa's ju ju |  |  |  | the name of Okpa's ju ju *conj* | tree rules |
| 2 | **live** | gerund | a ju man and the name of Okpa's ju ju *not said here* |  |  |  | year |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **name** |  |  | Okpa's ju ju |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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