--- title: The hare said he had nothing to give just then, and got up to go awa… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics description: The hare said he had nothing to give just then, and got up to go away, but found that a certain portion of his body had swollen to such a size that it touched the ground when he stood up. Who acts: hare, Okpa, portion. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, X --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/18/56/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/) / [Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Change…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/18/) / 56 # Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 1, sentence 56 The hare said he had nothing to give just then, and got up to go away, but found that a certain portion of his body had swollen to such a size that it touched the ground when he stood up. **Who acts:** hare, Okpa, portion · **What happens:** say, have, give, get up, go away, find · **To what, where:** nothing, certain portion, ground · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hare, Okpa, portion), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg70959:18:56 # text = The hare said he had nothing to give just then, and got up to go away, but found that a certain portion of his body had swollen to such a size that it touched the ground when he stood up. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 hare hare NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj _ _ 5 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 ccomp _ _ 6 nothing nothing PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Neg 5 obj _ _ 7 to to PART TO _ 8 mark _ _ 8 give give VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 6 acl _ _ 9 just just ADV RB _ 10 advmod _ _ 10 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 8 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 11 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 got get VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 14 up up ADP RP _ 13 compound:prt _ _ 15 to to PART TO _ 16 mark _ _ 16 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 13 xcomp _ _ 17 away away ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 18 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 19 but but CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 20 found find VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 21 that that SCONJ IN _ 29 mark _ _ 22 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 23 certain certain ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod _ _ 24 portion portion NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 nsubj:pass _ _ 25 of of ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 26 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 27 nmod:poss _ _ 27 body body NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nmod _ _ 28 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 29 aux _ _ 29 swollen swell VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 20 ccomp _ _ 30 to to ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 31 such such DET PDT PronType=Ind 33 det:predet _ _ 32 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 size size NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obl _ _ 34 that that SCONJ IN _ 36 mark _ _ 35 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 nsubj _ _ 36 touched touch VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 29 advcl _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 ground ground NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obj _ _ 39 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 41 advmod _ _ 40 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 41 nsubj _ _ 41 stood stand VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 36 conj _ _ 42 up up ADP RP _ 41 compound:prt _ SpaceAfter=No 43 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the hare | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **have** | past | Okpa | nothing | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Patient | | 3 | **give** | to-infinitive | Okpa *not said here* | nothing *not said here* | | | then | | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient | | 4 | **get up** | past | the hare *not said here* | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 5 | **go away** | to-infinitive | the hare *not said here* | | | | | away *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **find** | past | the hare *not said here* | | | | | | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 7 | **swell** | past · perfect · passive | | a certain portion of Okpa's body | | | | to such size *result* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: subject=Extent to size=Result | | 8 | **touch** | past | portion | the ground | | | | | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme ground=Co-Theme | | 9 | **stand up** | past | Okpa | | | | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 55](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/18/55/) - next →: [sentence 57](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/18/57/) - ↑ back to [Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/18/)