---
title: As the hare gathered the fruit he threw it further and further away… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: As the hare gathered the fruit he threw it further and further away from the vine, and the Elephantiasis rolled himself away after it until at last he had gone some distance from the tree, so the hare slid down to the ground, and ran towards his home as fast as he could go. Who acts: hare, ELEPHANTI
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 1, sentence 65

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As the hare gathered the fruit he threw it further and further away from the vine, and the Elephantiasis rolled himself away after it until at last he had gone some distance from the tree, so the hare slid down to the ground, and ran towards his home as fast as he could go.

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**Who acts:** hare, ELEPHANTIASIS · **What happens:** gather, throw, roll away, go, slide down, run · **To what, where:** fruit, ELEPHANTIASIS, distance, last, ground, home

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hare, ELEPHANTIASIS), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:18:65
# text = As the hare gathered the fruit he threw it further and further away from the vine, and the Elephantiasis rolled himself away after it until at last he had gone some distance from the tree, so the hare slid down to the ground, and ran towards his home as fast as he could go.
1	As	as	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	hare	hare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	gathered	gather	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	threw	throw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	further	far	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	8	advmod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	further	far	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	13	advmod	_	_
13	away	away	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
14	from	from	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	vine	vine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	Elephantiasis	Elephantiasis	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
21	rolled	roll	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	_
22	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	21	obj	_	_
23	away	away	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
24	after	after	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obl	_	_
26	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	31	mark	_	_
27	at	at	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	last	last	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	_
29	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
30	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	31	aux	_	_
31	gone	go	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	21	conj	_	_
32	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	33	det	_	_
33	distance	distance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obj	_	_
34	from	from	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
38	so	so	ADV	RB	_	41	advmod	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	hare	hare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	nsubj	_	_
41	slid	slide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
42	down	down	ADV	RB	_	41	advmod	_	_
43	to	to	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
44	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
45	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	48	punct	_	_
47	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	48	cc	_	_
48	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
49	towards	towards	ADP	IN	_	51	case	_	_
50	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	51	nmod:poss	_	_
51	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	48	obl	_	_
52	as	as	ADV	RB	_	53	advmod	_	_
53	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	48	advmod	_	_
54	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	57	mark	_	_
55	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	57	nsubj	_	_
56	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	57	aux	_	_
57	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	53	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
58	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gather** | past | the hare | the fruit |  |  |  |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fruit=Theme |
| 2 | **throw** | past | ELEPHANTIASIS | fruit |  |  |  | far *property* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 3 | **roll away** | past | the Elephantiasis | ELEPHANTIASIS |  |  | after fruit | away *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Agent |
| 4 | **go** | past · perfect | ELEPHANTIASIS | some distance |  | last |  | from the tree | tree rules |
| 5 | **slide down** | past | the hare |  |  | the ground |  | down *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to ground=Destination |
| 6 | **run** | past | ELEPHANTIASIS *not said here* |  |  | ELEPHANTIASIS's home |  | fast *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme towards home=Destination |
| 7 | **go** | could | ELEPHANTIASIS |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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