---
title: When the people heard this they stopped eating, and having collected… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: When the people heard this they stopped eating, and having collected all their food they put it in the Egbo house and told the hare to stop there. Who acts: people. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., p
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 2, sentence 12

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When the people heard this they stopped eating, and having collected all their food they put it in the Egbo house and told the hare to stop there.

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**Who acts:** people · **What happens:** hear, stop, eat, collect, put, tell · **To what, where:** this, food, Egbo house, hare · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:19:12
# text = When the people heard this they stopped eating, and having collected all their food they put it in the Egbo house and told the hare to stop there.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	obj	_	_
6	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	stopped	stop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
8	eating	eat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	having	have	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	aux	_	_
12	collected	collect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	parataxis	_	_
13	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	15	det:predet	_	_
14	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
16	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	acl:relcl	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	Egbo	Egbo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	_
22	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	hare	hare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	iobj	_	_
27	to	to	PART	TO	_	28	mark	_	_
28	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	xcomp	_	_
29	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	28	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | the people | this |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer this=Stimulus |
| 2 | **stop** | past | people |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **eat** | gerund | people *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **collect** | gerund · perfect |  | people's food |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Theme |
| 5 | **put** | past | people | food |  | the Egbo house |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme in house=Destination |
| 6 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past |  |  | the hare |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent hare=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 7 | **stop** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  | there |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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