--- title: At this one of the men raised his bow and arrow and was about to sho… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics description: At this one of the men raised his bow and arrow and was about to shoot when the Elephantiasis said, “Don’t shoot, I am not your enemy; I am looking for my friend, the hare, and I want you to show me where he is.” Who acts: men, Elephantiasis, you. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Niger --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/19/17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/) / [Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Change…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/19/) / 17 # Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 2, sentence 17 At this one of the men raised his bow and arrow and was about to shoot when the Elephantiasis said, “Don’t shoot, I am not your enemy; I am looking for my friend, the hare, and I want you to show me where he is.” **Who acts:** men, Elephantiasis, you · **What happens:** raise, be, shoot, say, not shoot, not be · **To what, where:** bow, enemy, you, Elephantiasis · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, Elephantiasis, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg70959:19:17 # text = At this one of the men raised his bow and arrow and was about to shoot when the Elephantiasis said, “Don’t shoot, I am not your enemy; I am looking for my friend, the hare, and I want you to show me where he is.” 1 At at ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 2 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 3 det _ _ 3 one one NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ _ 7 raised raise VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 8 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ _ 9 bow bow NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 11 arrow arrow NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 conj _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 13 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 cop _ _ 14 about about ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 conj _ _ 15 to to PART TO _ 16 mark _ _ 16 shoot shoot VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 14 xcomp _ _ 17 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 20 advmod _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 Elephantiasis elephantiasis NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ _ 20 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 21 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 22 “ " PUNCT `` _ 25 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 23 Do do AUX VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 25 aux _ SpaceAfter=No 24 n’t not PART RB Polarity=Neg 25 advmod _ _ 25 shoot shoot VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 20 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 26 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 27 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 31 nsubj _ _ 28 am be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 31 cop _ _ 29 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 31 advmod _ _ 30 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 31 nmod:poss _ _ 31 enemy enemy NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 32 ; ; PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 33 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 35 nsubj _ _ 34 am be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 35 aux _ _ 35 looking look VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 7 advcl _ _ 36 for for ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 37 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 38 nmod:poss _ _ 38 friend friend NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 39 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 40 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 41 hare hare NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 42 , , PUNCT , _ 45 punct _ _ 43 and and CCONJ CC _ 45 cc _ _ 44 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 45 nsubj _ _ 45 want want VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 parataxis _ _ 46 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 45 obj _ _ 47 to to PART TO _ 48 mark _ _ 48 show show VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 45 xcomp _ _ 49 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 48 iobj _ _ 50 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 52 advmod _ _ 51 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 52 nsubj _ _ 52 is be VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 48 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 53 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 54 ” " PUNCT '' _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **raise** | past | the men | hare's bow and arrow | | | | at this one | tree rules | | 2 | **is** | past | the men *not said here* | | | | | about *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **shoot** | to-infinitive | the men *not said here* | | | | | | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the Elephantiasis | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 5 | **not** **shoot** *in a quote* | infinitive · do-support | | | | | | | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **not** **is a** *in a quote* | present | the Elephantiasis *= elephantiasis* | your enemy | | | | your *nmod:poss* | tree rules | | 7 | **look** *in a quote* | present · progressive | the Elephantiasis *= elephantiasis* | | | | | for my friend and the hare | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for friend=Theme | | 8 | **want** *in a quote* | present | the Elephantiasis *= elephantiasis* | you | | | | | tree rules | | 9 | **show** *not said to happen, in a quote* | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | | the Elephantiasis *= elephantiasis* | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP what S»: agent=Agent i=Recipient clause=Topic | | 10 | **be** *in a quote* | present | Elephantiasis | | | | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/19/16/) - next →: [sentence 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/19/18/) - ↑ back to [Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/19/)