---
title: So the hare went into the hole, and the old mother crab stood at the… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics
description: So the hare went into the hole, and the old mother crab stood at the entrance with her large claws open ready and waiting for the enemy. Who acts: hare, old mother crab. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skin
---

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# Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 2, sentence 22

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So the hare went into the hole, and the old mother crab stood at the entrance with her large claws open ready and waiting for the enemy.

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**Who acts:** hare, old mother crab · **What happens:** go, stand, wait · **To what, where:** hole, entrance

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This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hare, old mother crab), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg70959:19:22
# text = So the hare went into the hole, and the old mother crab stood at the entrance with her large claws open ready and waiting for the enemy.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	hare	hare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	hole	hole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
11	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
12	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	crab	crab	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
15	at	at	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	entrance	entrance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
18	with	with	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
20	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	claws	claw	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
22	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
23	ready	ready	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	conj	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	waiting	wait	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	23	conj	_	_
26	for	for	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	enemy	enemy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | the hare |  |  | the hole |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into hole=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **stand** | past | the old mother crab |  |  | the entrance |  | with crab's large claws | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at entrance=Location |
| 3 | **wait** | gerund | the old mother crab *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for the enemy | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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