--- title: When the Elephantiasis said he was a friend of the hare, the crab sa… — Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria · tree and pragmatics description: When the Elephantiasis said he was a friend of the hare, the crab said, “I don’t care whether you are a friend or an enemy, I am not going to give the hare up.” Who acts: Elephantiasis, crab, you. A sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Y --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/19/25/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/) / [Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Change…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/19/) / 25 # Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 2, sentence 25 When the Elephantiasis said he was a friend of the hare, the crab said, “I don’t care whether you are a friend or an enemy, I am not going to give the hare up.” **Who acts:** Elephantiasis, crab, you · **What happens:** say, be, not care, not go, give up · **To what, where:** friend, hare · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Elephantiasis, crab, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg70959:19:25 # text = When the Elephantiasis said he was a friend of the hare, the crab said, “I don’t care whether you are a friend or an enemy, I am not going to give the hare up.” 1 When when ADV WRB PronType=Int 4 advmod _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 Elephantiasis elephantiasis NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 15 advcl _ _ 5 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nsubj _ _ 6 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 cop _ _ 7 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 friend friend NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 ccomp _ _ 9 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 hare hare NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 12 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 crab crab NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ _ 15 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 16 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 17 “ " PUNCT `` _ 21 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 18 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 21 nsubj _ _ 19 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 aux _ SpaceAfter=No 20 n’t not PART RB Polarity=Neg 21 advmod _ _ 21 care care VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 15 ccomp _ _ 22 whether whether SCONJ IN _ 26 mark _ _ 23 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 26 nsubj _ _ 24 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 26 cop _ _ 25 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 friend friend NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 advcl _ _ 27 or or CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 28 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 enemy enemy NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 30 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 31 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 34 nsubj _ _ 32 am be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 34 aux _ _ 33 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 34 advmod _ _ 34 going go VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 15 ccomp _ _ 35 to to PART TO _ 36 mark _ _ 36 give give VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 34 xcomp _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 hare hare NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obj _ _ 39 up up ADP RP _ 36 compound:prt _ SpaceAfter=No 40 . . PUNCT . _ 34 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 41 ” " PUNCT '' _ 34 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the Elephantiasis | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **is a** | past | Elephantiasis | a friend | | | | of the hare | tree rules | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the crab | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **not** **care** *in a quote* | present · do-support | the crab *= crab* | | | | | | vn care-88.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 5 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | you | a friend or a enemy | | | | a enemy *conj* | tree rules | | 6 | **not** **go** *in a quote* | present · progressive | the crab *= crab* | | | | | | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 7 | **give up** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | the crab *= crab* *not said here* | the hare | | | | | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hare=Source | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/19/24/) - next →: [sentence 26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/19/26/) - ↑ back to [Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/19/)